Quasinatural hazards such as smog or desertification arise through the interaction of natural processes and human activities. Pdf health hazards of electromagnetic radiation researchgate. Risk perception, risk communication and its application to electromagnetic field exposure, organized by the world. The next two sections on this page provide a starting point for recognizing hazards from radiationemitting equipment or devices. Beta particles can be stopped by the walls of a room or by a sheet of plastic about 1.
In 2011, the international agency for research on cancer iarc from the world health organization who released a statement adding rf electromagnetic fields including microwave and millimetre waves to their list of things which are possibly carcinogenic to. Electromagnetic waves are not simply waves, but have a dual nature. Health and electromagnetic fields european commission. Keywords electromagnetic, radiation, environment, health 1. Ionising radiation includes ultraviolet rays, xrays and gamma rays. Electrical energy enters into the operation of a myriad industrial, scientific, medical, community and house equipment and appliances. Questions and answers about biological effects and. Electromagnetic radiation hazards electromagnetic radiation hazards, navsea op 3565, is a twovolume manual that prescribes operating procedures and precautions to prevent injury to personnel, ignition of volatile vapors, and premature initiation of electroexplosive devices in ordnance in electromagnetic environments. Objectives of radiation protection the international commission of radiation protection icrp stated that the overall objectives of radiation protection is to provide an appropriate standard of protection for man without unduly limiting the beneficial practices giving rise to radiation exposure. When the beta particle is slowed down or stopped, secondary x radiation known as bremsstrahlung may be produced. Possible effects of electromagnetic fields emf on human health 2 about the scientific committees three independent nonfood scientific committees provide the commission with the scientific advice it needs when preparing policy and proposals relating to consumer safety, public health and the environment.
This type of radiation is commonly used in industries such as mining, food, refining and paper. Nonionising radiation includes electromagnetic radiation spanning the. The range of wavelengths of radiation in which the energy is transmitted by photons. In physics, electromagnetic radiation em radiation or emr refers to the waves or their quanta, photons of the electromagnetic field, propagating radiating through space, carrying electromagnetic radiant energy. The study includes investiga tion of electromagnetic radiation from highvoltage electric lines in inhabited areas in an urban. Nonionizing electromagnetic radiation emf can present many health risks. Almost half of the stories focus on radiation risks from use of a cell phone, including risks to children. Radiation is defined as the emission of energy in the form of electromagnetic waves. The kind of radiation discussed in this document is called ionizing radiation because it can produce charged particles ions in. Radiation is energy that comes from a source and travels through space and may be able to penetrate various materials in its path. Nonionizing radiation has less energy than ionizing radiation. We will discuss here ben eficial as well as hazardous effects of emr. Elf and vlf em radiation emr in the elf and vlf range is.
These can be in the form of gamma radiation, radio waves, heat waves or particle radiation which includes alpha and beta radiation. Nonionizing radiation includes the spectrum of ultraviolet uv, visible light, infrared ir, microwave mw, radio frequency rf, and extremely low frequency elf. Rifai and others published health hazards of electromagnetic radiation find, read and cite all the research you need on. Pdf exposure to hazardous effect of em radiation researchgate. Nonionizing radiation is described as a series of energy waves composed of oscillating electric and magnetic fields traveling at the speed of light. Gamma rays are dangerous because they cause cellular damage that leads to dna damage, cancer and radiation sickness. The accompanying electromagnetic fields emfs are partially transformed into radiation that affects human health. Report of the statewide program for radiation protection in the use of dental. Safety and health topics ionizing radiation hazards. Pdf study of cell tower radiation and its health hazards. A mobile phone tower only 150 meters away emits similar levels of radiation as a wifi router at a distance of 5 meters. Frequency fields rf and microwave radiation on human health by the. Radiation hazards n protection linkedin slideshare.
The other form of radiation is gravitational radiation. Nov 14, 2018 updated feb 22, 2019 the emergence of 5g, fifthgeneration telecommunications technology, has been in the news lately because the wireless industry has been pushing controversial legislation at the state and federal level to expedite the deployment of this technology. A great dose of radiation destroys a lot of cells and can be the cause of a radiation illness. The legislation would block the rights of local governments and their citizens to control the installation of. The radiation dose is measured in terms of roentgen, it is the quantity of xrays or gamma radiation which produces one electrostatic unit in one c. Radiation hazards in dentistry pdf radiation hazards in dentistry gont. Each source produces its own electro magnetic field or emf a wave of energy radiating outwards, getting weaker with increasing distance. Light, radio, and microwaves are types of radiation that are called nonionizing.
Hazards of electromagnetic radiation to fuels herf many studies have been done about fuel vapors being accidentally ignited by electromagnetic radiation. Only highmass shielding, such as lead, can stop them. Additionally, the amount of radiation exposure from dental radiographs depends. The electromagnetic spectrum in diagram 1 shows a number of important divisions based on the properties and applications of the di. Because gamma rays are such a highintensity, ionizing form of radiation, they pass through normal protections, such as skin, clothing, foil and goggles. S have aired more than 250 news stories about health risks from wireless radiation exposure. Measuring the effect of radiation ionising waves, such as gamma rays, can damage the dna in cells and even kill cells. Cancer tumors headaches fatigue alzheimers disease parkinsons disease researchers, however, are unsure of specific longterm effects resulting from prolonged exposure to nonionizing radiation. In todays high tech world, we all experience electromagnetic radiation from many sources. The risk that exposure to radiation presents can be measured using the radiation dose. Radiation dose is measured in sieverts sv or millisieverts msv. Technological or manmade hazards such as the toxicity of pesticides to fauna, accidental release of chemicals or radiation from a nuclear plant. There are two forms of radiation nonionizing and ionizing which will be discussed in sections 3.
Establishing a dialogue on risks from electromagnetic fields. Radiation is energy in the form of waves of particles. Health risks from exposure to electromagnetic radiation emf. Electromagnetic radiation emr emitting from the natural environment, as well as from the use of. It includes radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, xrays, and gamma rays classically, electromagnetic radiation consists of electromagnetic waves. These arise directly as a result of human activities.
Radiation of all forms constitutes one of the environmental determinants of health. Gamma rays come from four possible nuclear reactions. Em watch electromagnetic radiation health and safety. Radiation hazards electromagnetic radiation absorbed. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. In nigeria, 29% of national disease burden is linked to risks. The mean score for knowledge about radiation hazards and protection was 6. Radiation hazards free download as powerpoint presentation. Data has shown that a wholebody averaged sar of 4 wkg is acceptable, and subsequently the standard was set at 0. The spectrum ranges from low energy extra low frequency radiation and radio waves to high. Possible effects of electromagnetic fields emf on human. Society for radiation protection and a regular contributor to the german monthly publication. About 30% of stories discussed cell tower radiation risks. Radiation protection, also known as radiological protection, is defined by the international atomic energy agency iaea as the protection of people from harmful effects of exposure to ionizing radiation, and the means for achieving this.
High frequency radiation and human exposure mahmoud m. Since gamma rays can kill organisms, it helps sterilise medical equipment and remove harmful bacteria from food. Tests aboard ships and in laboratories have shown that the chances of this happening are low because of other conditions that must exist at the same time to support combustion of the fuel. This research investigates the potential health hazards of radiation emanating from electric power lines. The simplest division is into ionising and nonionising electromagnetic radiation. Benefits and hazards of electromagnetic waves, telecommunication. Study of cell tower radiation and its health hazards on human body article pdf available in iosr journal of applied physics 61 november 20 with 161 reads how we measure reads. Sufficiently strong electromagnetic radiation emr can cause electric currents in conductive materials that is strong enough to create sparks electrical arcs when an induced voltage exceeds the breakdown voltage of the surrounding medium e. Nonionizing radiation can produce nonmutagenic effects such as inciting thermal energy in biological tissue that can lead to burns. Ppt radiation hazards powerpoint presentation free to.
Cdc emf electric and magnetic fields niosh workplace. The navys hazards of electromagnetic radiation to ordnance hero program addresses the potential for electromagnetic em radiation to unintentionally initiate electroexplosive devices eeds contained within current navy and marine corp ordnance items. Pdf knowledge of radiation hazards, radiation protection. One rad is equal to the radiation necessary to deposit energy of 100 ergs in 1 g of irradiated material 100ergsg. Exposure can be from a source of radiation external to the human body or due to internal irradiation caused by the ingestion of radioactive contamination. Hazards of electromagnetic radiation to personnel herp. Emr, or electromagnetic field radiation emf, is the generated byproduct of electricity traveling through electronic devices radiation is classified as either ionizing or nonionizing based on the radiations capacity to ionize atoms and interfere with chemical bonds. When the risk of ionizing radiation to humans is discussed, the calculated unit. Effect of electromagnetic waves on human reproduction annals of. Ionizing radiation can damage living tissue in the human body. Right now as you read this page, you are probably being irradiated by many emfs. Health hazards of radiation an unprotected person in the accident place may in a short time receive such a great radiation dose that it has an immediate effect on the persons health. Agnir report rce20 on people, animals and cells exposed to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields, and health protection agency response to the report. Energy that is transferred by either high energy particles or waves.
Gamma rays are also used to scan boxes or objects for security purposes. Knowledge of radiation hazards, radiation protection. The photon energies of rf electromagnetic waves are not great enough to cause the ionization of atoms and molecules and rf energy is, therefore, characterized as nonionizing radiation, along with visible light, infrared radiation and other forms of electromagnetic radiation with relatively low frequencies. A very high dose of gamma rays in a short time can be fatal. Each source produces its own electromagnetic field or emf a wave of energy radiating outwards, getting weaker with increasing distance.
These can deliver an electric shock to persons or animals. Beta radiation beta emitters are internal radiation hazards when taken inside the body. Nuclear regulatory commission, nrc, such as xray equipment. It can come from unstable atoms or it can be produced by. Icnirp guideline at 940 mhz, power density p d is 4.
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